Graphs are sets of nodes and edges. They are useful to study pair sets. Graphs can have multiple edges between the same node pairs. Edges can have weights, directions and form loops. Cycles are graph paths, with no repeated edges, that arrive back at their starting nodes. Acyclic graphs do not have loops or cycles. Trees are acyclic graphs.
Transformer models, sentiment analyzers, search engines and recommendation systems use graphs.
Hooks are methods of customizing software applications. Hooks "hook" on custom code. Examples include Git and database event hooks.
Computer function invocations typically utilize stack data structures and add frames to them. Frames typically include register values, function arguments, and, function internal variable values.
In Python, types and classes are the same thing. Both inherit from the object class.
Quantum mechanics does not precisely define what causes the Schrödinger wave function to collapse because it does not precisely define what a measurement is. This is referred to as the measurement problem.
YAML (YAML Ain't Markup Language) is a superset of JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) supporting the encoding of data structures using significant whitespace, and, the encoding of strings without using quotes. For these and other reasons, YAML can typically encode key value pairs in a more user friendly format than JSON.
